ASG 2: Remediation

Post no.8
Literature Review - 2
Reviewed - Remediation by Richard Grusin & Jay David Bolter

Ubiquitous computing (p.212)

•  Bolter (1999),"Ubiquitous computing reverses virtual reality in another important way." (p. 219).

The characteristics and purpose of virtual reality would be to create a false world to immerse their users into it, completely diminishing their sense of reality. Ubiquitous computing is the total opposite, it avails technology to be around in our daily, real lives, for example, multi-touch table tops and directories. It's physical presence melds itself into our lives, and we do realise its existence. In other words, Hypermediacy, which is also available later throughout the book. The immersion is just different, no lesser than virtual reality. Virtual reality like those augmented reality apps trick the users mind that the object is there, often amusing and helpful at times when used during property sales; but ubiquitous computing is a computing device in itself, ready to be used to perform tasks only. It does not really paint a false reality for you, as it is there, physically for you to use.

•  Bolter (1999), "Nevertheless, the visions of ubiquitous computing remain utopian and futuristic." (p. 218).

People are paying more attention to Ubi computing > wearable technology nowadays with the Apple Watch, Samsung Galaxy Gear and such. Currently, the wearable technology in the market today have not reached their full potential. Most of them are just mini computers that are extensions of users' mobile phones, draining both the watch and phones batteries from the prolonged Bluetooth connection. In order for wearable tech to succeed, it really needs to be an independent device. This argument drove the ideation of the final year project.

•  Bolter (1999), Hypermediacy and Immediacy of Ubi Computing. (p.216)    

Hypermediacy happens when the user is aware of the medium, and immediacy is when the users are not. Wearable Tech can be a little tricky as they want to show both its aesthetics of tech as well as how well they could hide the tech to make it look like an ordinary watch. There's a thin line over there. But in the future, wearable tech would be more seamless. We know that they are computers, but they just wouldn't look like one anymore. Hence, immediacy.

Opinions on this theory by other experts available here.

•   Bolter (1999), "Ubi Computing, on the other hand, turns our whole world into a computer interface. It rearranges our physical world."(p. 213)

It's true. People might have to redesign everything to fit the current technology. Take the self driving cars for example. The technology no longer required a car of that sort to have a steering wheel or visible shift gears. Therefore, the creators need to understand and redesign their cars to fit the demands and grant more comfortable, spacious cars for the riders. Even streets would have their own personal lanes for self-driving cars. Street signs and traffic lights might not be necessary anymore because everything is calculated with a complicated algorithm. That was my illustration, it is also very possible for wearables to transform the way we dress, in order to get the safest, fastest, most efficient, and most comfortable wear.

In this case, in their statement they mentioned 'the whole world' being their interface. It's possible to have multi-touch screens all around us and wearable devices finally replacing our handhelds. (because we would be wearing our mobile phones anyway)

•   Bolter (1999), "Convergence, is a mutual remediation of at least three important technologies." (p. 224)

Take the MYO band for example. This is a really good product to represent convergence.
It combines wearable technology with the science of gestures. Then based on saved gestures in your computer, you could control the lights, lawnmower, fans and such. 

Technology involved in this could easily be Assistive Technology, Information Technology & Wearable Technology.

References

Bolter, J. and Grusin, R. (1999). Remediation. 1st ed. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.

Fatima, S. (2013). MYO – The coolest gizmo of the year. [online] Witty Sparks. Available at: http://www.wittysparks.com/myo-the-coolest-gizmo-of-the-year/#.VHwVbDE0XJ8 [Accessed 1 Dec. 2014].

ASG2: Ethical concerns in the research topic and/or mythology

Post no. 8

According to my proposal, I have stated that majority of my research will be done online rather than first-hand experience with the wearable technology itself and their experts.

There aren't many books published on Wearable Technology as it is considered a relatively new trend. However, I have had a shift of mindset through recent tutorials with Daniel and my past experience with my previous essay on holograms.

I could apply old theories or manipulate them, or decode them to see if it fits to my needs. Old theories like Mc Luhan, Plato's Cave and The Uncanny Valley are ancient! Somehow, I managed to apply Masahiro Mori's theory of the Uncanny Valley toward the realness of holograms although they were initially used to analysed the aesthetics of robotics instead.

Divergence and mixtures of cross-overlapping theories would help me with the ideas of this trend. Transhumanism, Cyborgism? I would see how each theory contradict each other and would come to a suitable conclusion after analyzing it from all perspectives. In my previous essay, I even stated my doubts on the theory itself.

So what are the ethical concerns that I could have with this paper? And how would I solve it?

1. The information may be biased.

Articles on the internet tend to be very biased, often leaning more to a side than the other. I sometimes question their credibility and purpose of writing such articles. Are they doing it to gain popularity by leaning toward a certain side so much where it could sound convincing enough to the on-the-fence thinkers? Recruiting them into their army of biased thinkers? Or is it that their lack of research of the overall trend and influences from ignorant peers drive their emotions into writing such a biased article? Maybe they're just gossip columns meant to make things exciting.
I was definitely one of them so I do have the right to judge. Haha.

I usually read the articles twice first with an open mind, uninfluenced by anyone. After reading it twice, I draw my conclusion and compare them with the comments below if there are any.
However, when I do read an article, I try to not find points which drives my arguments further as this could also in turn, intensify my own personal bias on the issue. On the other hand, I read these articles informatively. Are they mentioning anything new? Are there any new innovations, ideas or marketing strategies to get these Wearable Tech into mainstream culture?

To clarify the arguments I stated in my proposal, I would separate my informative research and my argumentative research into different compartments. They both have a very thin line that could disrupt the entire flow of the essay. I would have to thread carefully when analyzing these arguments as they are, of course, biased toward their own ideas.


2. The legitimacy of these sources.

MIT and IHS have been my primary source so far, as they are both legitimate.
I remember trying to site John Bilton(2010) where Technology is classified into 5 classes. I later discovered that he has been cited by a few papers but are not distinguished or well-known enough. All I got from the internet about John Bilton was that he was just a football coach of some sort. I was disheartened because his ideas fit my agenda so perfectly.
I would probably rephrase and tweak them so that I would still have the chance to use them as my personal conclusion. Nevertheless, they were really good thoughts sown into my mind.


3. The inability to consume the information first-hand, as I have to physically hold and experience the Wearable Technology in order to fully understand and evaluate its experience.

This is definitely a drawback, but I do try to get my hands on any form of Wearable Technology if I had the chance to. I'd visit Samsung shops to try out their Galaxy Gear, ask my friends about their experience with the Google Glass and such. I know this would not be enough, and I would only have to depend on videos, articles, reviews online. I did work with wearable technology in my previous project LIVETAGS, which granted me a great opportunity to understand the users and their interactions.


4. Learned theories from contextual studies may not apply. May need to look into other fields such as psychology or sociology for theories.

My topic deals with crowd participation and interaction with both technology, and each other. The theories that I have learned may not touch on these areas. Pour example, the psychology of colours. What prompts users to raise their cellphones and lighters during a concert? Competitors like Xyloband change the colours of the bands that the crowd wears during the concert. It effects moods.


5. The Wearable Tech trend is not at its mature state where it has enough research done to it. In other words, lack of resources.

Provided the internet, one can never have too few resources. That is one of the grave advantages I could ever exploit. My essay topic is about large crowds and wearable media. Obviously, the buyers of these form of Wearable Tech are only limited to event organizers and concert planners. They are not to be sold directly to the consumers. Therefore, this essay may not be able to relate enough to its readers, which compromises most of end-consumers. (As I was told by Daniel in the previous tutorial session)

Notes
*Also, I would have to include the re-usability of these wearbles. Ah, another point which I could include in my essay.
* Keep my writing simple & sophisticated.
* wearable computers need to have their voice recognition feature to be more precise in order to really take off.

Ps. With this recently 'new' (it has been developed for decades now, people just started paying attention to it) trend, the possibilities and arguments are endless. I'm going to have a lot of fun with this paper.



RESEARCH ETHICS

"Why is Ethics approval important?

If the work you undertake as part of your studies in the School of Creative Arts involves the
participation of others, you will need to get the approval of the Faculty Ethics Committee (UH) by
completing an Application for Ethics Approval.

The Ethics committee is here to help protect you and others involved in your work.

The Application for Approval is designed to ensure that anyone who is involved in any aspect of
your studies is protected from harm or distress your work might cause and that you have designed
your project in such a way to ensure that participants are aware of what you are doing, why you are
doing it, and they have given informed consent that they are willing to participate."

From my understanding of the research ethics document provided from the school, I would need to consider the well being of others if I were to involve them win my project or during my project development stage. This includes interviews with professionals which I would have to conduct for this assignment.

I would need to protect their privacy and the accuracy of their statements as well.

ASG2: Wearables in Malaysia

Post no.7
Literature Review - 1
Reviewed - STAR Newspaper Article (STAR2 Technology)

Alright, so a couple of days ago my mother stumbled across an article on the STAR newspaper about wearable tech a day before my 'TedTalk' presentation class. I found a digital version online and it is available Here.

The newspaper had an additional excerpt on international wearable tech which the site did not publish. So with this article, I hope to expand my research to a more local context.

The article talked about a wearable security system called WaryBee. You could click on the link and read about it there, I'd do the evaluations here instead.

Everyone (and I mean everyone) expects wearable tech to burst through the roof and take over the digital world. However, I'm pessimistic. All these talks about the recent launch of the Apple Watch and the failure of sales for the Samsung Galaxy Gear, makes me doubt the creativity of the innovations in these inventions. 

To me, they're just making smaller computers. Which is quite redundant, since it would take twice as much effort to navigate, read and use.

How are you going to answer a call with that? I could only imagine the amount of hassle when I see someone actually using it to communicate, shifting around their wrist from ear to mouth repeatedly. You could always put it to loud speaker, or plug in your earphones if you want privacy. Or you could just use a bluetooth ear piece. (which is one of the wearables that 'almost' took off)

Anyway, back to WaryBee.

In order for it to actually reach its full potential, EVERYBODY has to download the app. Even those who are not wearing or using the WaryBee. If they don't, they wouldn't be able to get notifications on their phone whenever a kidnapped person is within a 30m radius of them. You have to get ALL your emergency contacts to download the app as well.

No. 2, this little thing is priced at RM140-Rm200. Honestly, I would rather implant a GPS tracker chip under my skin like most owners do to their pets. There's just too much hassle with something so easily removable.

Which brings me to my next point, how sure are you that the kidnapper won't notice this goddy little thing hanging around the victim's neck or pockets? I would probably rip it off and toss it on the side of the street if I were them. Rendering the Warybee and the victim useless.

I could conclude that their research was not thorough enough and that they never went through enough testings before deciding that they could sell it to the public.

I predict that this product will NOT take off. It being attached to an app and bluetooth is hassling enough. People want convenience, not just another gimmicky phone application which drains their phone batteries because it has to be switched on 24/7.

HYBOBAND

This one, I see taking off. 

It's simple and straightforward and there are fewer risks of the band actually detaching itself from your body.

The only possible drawback this product could have is that anybody that want to use this or get notifications from this, HAVE to download the app.

Honestly, as a smartphone user, I would like to have as LITTLE applications as possible. 

EXOGEN on the other hand, is usable and marketable. People just use it and reap the benefits of the product. There are already smart contact lenses being developed that measure the glucose counts in your tear fluid. That is already one step after these bands because the results of these bands could be inaccurate due to the wearer's environments. 

I would joke around and spill a can of coke on this device and it would go berserk, summoning a cluster of worried faces and speeding ambulances; although I'm not really sure they work that way.

However, it states that their plan for further development involves making an APP which allows a computer trainer to tell you what to do. This would be good in some ways, as long it doesn't need the user to prompt other users to download it for it to be used effectively like the WaryBee. It's more personal.

Unlike the Warybee, if nobody downloads the application, the victim would be pressing the HELP button the whole day long and no one is going to come rescue them.

At the end of the article, a research analyst from Gartner states that wearables are going to be used as add-on (extensions) to mobile phones for the next five years and that it would take awhile to gain mainstream acceptance. This, I can agree on.

I'm also excited about this:

 “In the not too distant future, we may even see our mobile phones relying on hybrid power ­generators that use different energy sources such as thermal, electrostatic, solar or motion,” he said.

The main problem for smartphones are their battery life. People have tried to fix the problem with power banks but they are just too chunky to carry around. What if you could charge it by just putting it close to your skin, so that it could thermally charge your phone. Or charge it from the motions of your bag, or even solar. Electrostatic friction as well.

There are even some inventions which allow users to charge their devices with their own blood. I think this is a little too far fetched for anybody's taste. But the reasons of some of their inventions are more of an awareness than an actual product launch. It is functional though. They are trying to send a message to the public about how dependent we are on these devices that they have already become apart of us, like another functional organ which needs blood to run. The pictures are really beautiful! I love how utopian they tried to make it look.

So onto the international excerpt section.

There are a couple of wearables stated:

- Daewoo built a wearable exoskeleton (no name of the device here)

- Ducere Technologies in India has created, and I quote 'the first smart shoe' called Lechal which means take me there in Hindi. It links to Google maps and vibrates the soles on your feet to tell you which way to turn.

...what if it were recalculating? So should the users just walk around aimlessly until one of the soles vibrate? I'd like to know where I'm going. I would probably prefer to look at the maps on my phone because the main uses for it is that I could look on ahead and see where should I turn next which you couldn't do if wearing these shoes. I have a feeling it could only serve its purpose for the visually impaired. It's RM315 a pair and its cheaper than the band and the WaryBee. 

- The Ring from Kickstarter.

I doubt it's accuracy. It's a ring that recognizes your finger movements to execute actions like switching on your fan. But, you have to have the APP and it has to be linked via Bluetooth to your phone. I'd rather just flip the switch for my fan or any other devices for that matter.

- The Comback System

An augmented reality helmet  for firefighters where it would help them navigate around fires.It doesn't use GPS to pinpoint the location but uses the firefighters' footsteps instead. (Gps does not work indoors, of course) and a compass will be used in its place. It's a pretty legitimate wearable device in my opinion as it could help save lives. 

Overall, Malaysia, wearable technology is not as innovative when it comes to wearables because it is really new and do not have enough of research and development on this tech yet. 

References

Chong, J. (2014). Wearables Take Shape. THE STAR, p.2,3.

Deccan Chronicle, (2014). Now charge your phone with blood flow. [online] Available at: http://www.deccanchronicle.com/141028/technology-latest/article/now-charge-your-phone-blood-flow [Accessed 1 Nov. 2014].

My Slides

Post no. 6


Basically, I thought that my essay would go general like this. Right now it's a little more focused on crowd participation Wearables. But yeah, I would include some of the arguments made here into the essay.
I could most probably talk about some of the local attempts with this tech as well.

Meeting with tutor 1

Post no.5

This tutorial session was rather enlightening. I was pretty excited with the new ideas and perspectives that Daniel and I discussed.

First things first, things to improve on my really drafted essay:

- There's a typo on the theories I put in the essay, it's not John Bilton. It's George Herbert Mead.
- I need to research on the legitimacy of their statements and backgrounds.
- The quality of my reff need to be improved. My references should have more edu. and books. I should remove the blog links.
- The relevance of my essay to my final year project only needs to be mentioned in the proposal, not the essay itself.
- There should be in-text citations in the proposal as well.
- Input task words. There's a sentence which is too definitive. "The wearable media is categorized under Infotainment where its purpose lies with mass communication." The way the sentence sounds, it appears that wearable media is correlated with infotainment. Use words like 'Explore' or 'Evaluate'. 
- Focus on synchronicity (in scope) cause its too wide. Its okay to mention diachronic briefly in the essay.
- This will be an exploration/evaluation essay.

Now that's done, on to the more contextual part of the tutorial.

- Explore the Cyborg culture, the Transhumanism, which is the belief or theory that the human race can evolve beyond its current physical and mental limitations, especially by means of science and technology.
- Explore private and public uses of wearable tech.
- "Ubi computing reverses virtual reality."
- ICT has transformed from IT. Information and communications Technology.

I will borrow those books and look into it further. Very intellectually stimulating.

Draft for Proposal

Okay so I have begun to write my first draft of my proposal. Here it is!

PROPOSAL DRAFT

TYPE : ESSAY

TITLE: The synchronous existence of wearable media and its future in technology.

Research Question:  What is wearable technology's socio technical relevance and its purpose for the future?

Intro:

 - Purpose of the proposal, assessment to the feasibility of future conducted research and execution of the essay. Planning of the essay.

Scope of inquiry

This essay would address Wearable media in its synchronic and diachronic processes. It would begin with the diachronic process of wearable media in its evolution throughout history from the first wearable tech to the present and future of the wearable technology. It aims to distinguish the differences and common misconceptions of Wearable Computers, Wearable Technology and Wearable Media. The essay would also break down Wearable Media into debatable topics with theories, common arguments and ideas. I would then begin to answer my research question on how relevant wearable media would be to the social technical system. After introducing and re-evaluating Wearable Technology  and its purpose of existence in the timeline of technological evolution, I would then briefly state how this paper would relate and help with my research on my final year project. Finally, the essay would discuss predictions on the future of wearable technology and it's common worries it brings.

Relevance to FYP

I will be executing a project that uses Wearable Media for entertainment purposes. It will be used to study feedback and relationships between the crowd and the performer. The wearable media is categorized under Infotainment where its purpose lies with mass communication. It merges gestures and wearable tech where users are to respond to the music of the DJ by performing gestures like fist pumping or clapping. The higher the participation, the more rewarding their experience will be in terms of music, visuals, stage lighting and effects. I will be studying its practicality and how it would be convenient for them to use them during raves/concerts.

Feasibility

- "Symbolic Interactionism" by George Herbert Mead, "Extensions of Man" by Marshal McLuhan, "Socio Technical Systems Theory" by John Bilton.

- Content will be confirmed and referred from detailed market researches, open-source content, university research papers, opinions from highly influential related field experts and on site interviews with people who had experience with media crowd participation or wearable media.

Timeline

July 14th and July 21st will be the dates where the proposal drafts are submitted and reviewed by the tutor. Tutorials are conducted to allow feedback and opportunities to refine and make amendments to the proposals. July 30th would be the final submission the proposals. To record the overall process of research and development, I have updated my blog with posts relating to the topic. In-depth research on the topic would take another week after the final proposal submission and the draft of the essay will be executed a week after that. Tutorials conducted via-email and face-to-face consultations would take place in the final semester to ensure the quality of the essay. The final essay submission will be at the final week in the final semester AB.

Conclusion

This preparation and research in the proposal would allow the execution of the essay deem very feasible.

Hopefully it would make sense.

Essay Structure

Intro:

- History of communication and how/when we started to be so be intrigued by technology. Inventions expand - Frankenstein Syndrome. We want tech to be more seamless, immersive. We wouldn't want to see the medium. Hence, the idea of Wearable Technology.

- Wearable Tech is inspired and invented by sci-fi movies/the need to solve problems.

1.  What is wearable tech?

 - Wearable : something, an article of clothing or device where you could put on or wear and could take off.

- Differences between wearable Media and Wearable Technology.

 - Media is the main means of mass communication, a subcategory under Technology.

-Technology itself is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry.

- John Bilton(2010) Technology is classified into 5 classes. Technology as objects, technology as knowledge, technology as activities, technology as a process, and technology as a socio technical system (interactive media).

- Wearable Computers and Wearable Technology.

-Technology may not be correlated to computers. They are different entities. A computer is just an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program.

Examples of wearable computers: Google glass / Samsung Galaxy Gear

Examples of wearable technology: Nicole Sherzinger's Tweetdress / Drum pants / Wearable Health monitors

- Wearable tech is not new. Diachronic processes of wearable media will be stated.

The first Wearable Tech: The Pocket Watch

First Wearable Computer by Claude Shannon and Edward O. Thorp was invented to predict   where the ball would land on the Russian roulette wheel.

- Wearable Technology is classified into two: Utility & Entertainment

- Health, Military, Infotainment, Fashion, Fitness and Wellness

- Gestural Tech and Wearable Tech is often confused as there are tech which merges the two. They are different entities as well. Differences will be stated. Example: Wearable media requires users to put on gear whereas Gestural tech do not.

           

2. Arguments section. Is it really necessary?

- What tech is considered a need now? (mobile phones) Will wearable tech with their specified purposes eventually replace phones with its limited interfaces and functionality? Wearable Computers are more limiting than mobile phones.

- We have short attention spans, (maximum 8 Seconds) and have the need for flexibility.

- Wearable media is in what part of the timeline of evolution of technology? Is it a necessary evolution which will bring us to a better understanding of inventing greater and more intelligent tech? Is it just a transitional stage to advanced implant technology?

- Will it be practical, safe, healthy? Will it be compulsory?

Examples of future wearable tech : Smart Contact Lenses, Smart EarBuds,  Blood Tattoo Computers.

3. How will it be related to my Final Year Project

4. Conclude scope: Extensions of man. Humans will be their own superheroes.

These are a couple of references I got my sources from:

http://www.bigfishgames.com/blog/google-wear-history-wearable-technology/

-brief history of tech

http://www.studymode.com/essays/Technology-In-Our-Life-956238.html

- 5 classes of tech

https://blogs.ubc.ca/etec540sept10/2010/09/23/technology-many-facets/

- Student blogs about 5 classes

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/pocket-watch-was-worlds-first-wearable-tech-game-changer-180951435/

- pocket watch

http://www.saggezza.com/from-databank-to-glass-the-amazing-history-of-wearable-tech/

- history of wearable tech

http://www.saggezza.com/from-databank-to-glass-the-amazing-history-of-wearable-tech/

Market research

http://www.hfidtc.com/research/command/c-and-c-reports/phase-2/HFIDTC-2-1-1-1-2-command-paradigms.pdf

Report for technology as a socio technical system

http://www.academia.edu/7092537/Witnessed_Presence_and_Wearable_Electronics_the_design_of_trust_for_sociotechnical_systems

Witnessed Presence and Wearable Electronics: the design of trust for sociotechnical systems

Some Slides to further increase my research

Post no. 3

MY PREZI ON WEARABLE MEDIA

Here's a link to my prezi on the future of Wearable Media. I did this presentation for my EMM class, but it has it relations to my essay as well.

Here's the script to accompany the slides.

Slides 1 and 2: Hello and good afternoon, my name Charissa.

I will be talking about Wearable Media and its future in technology.

3:

But first, a little summary on the history of communication. Humans first begin communicating with gestures, then oral, then text, broadcasting and digital.

4:

What is Wearable Media you might ask?

It's basically tech which you could put on or off. They seem cool at first, but how is this technological evolution going to be a necessity? What are the real functional uses of wearable media?

5:

Wearable Tech now could be separated into two main functions. Utility and entertainment. In the present, we have wearable tech in different fields such as

Military: Exoskeletons for rehabilitation or to preserve body durability and energy

Healthcare : Armbands To measure heart rate and blood pressures

Fitness: Smart Clothing, Sleep Sensors

Infotainment: Samsung galaxy gear, Google glass and MYO, which all requires wireless bluetooth connections to mobile devices and computers.

6:

There are different misconceptions between wearable media and Gestural Tech.

Both are different entities, although some tech merges the two.

The differences between Gestural Tech and Wearable Media..

Like wearable MYO armband, it requires the user to wear the armband, perform the gesture and then it translates them onto your device. Which brings me to my next question.

7:

All this talk about Google Glass and smart watches got me thinking. Will it ever replace Smart Phones? Mobile phones are considered a necessity for us, the digital natives.

 Are they just an extension for mobile phones?

Wearable media has their limitations.

When we switch between apps.

However, Flexible screened mobile phones are soon to be sold. Will they be wearable as well? Therefore, it would breach a gap between handheld devices and wearable media.

8:

Will we ever be able to take them off?

Take the electronic tattoo display concept for example. Silicon is slipped under the skin. Two small tubes on the device are attached to an artery and a vein to allow the blood to flow to a coin-sized blood fuel cell that converts glucose and oxygen to electricity. 
Uses tiny microscopic spheres for the display.

 “Ophthalmic Electrochemical Sensors,” The sensors are designed to read chemicals in the tear fluid of the wearer’s eye and alert the user through a little embedded LED light, when user's blood sugar falls to dangerous levels.

Thermoelectric Bracelets inventions by MIT enable individuals to control their own body temperature, so they would not need to use large cooling or heating units to achieve 'thermal comfort'.

Microsoft is developing an Earbud mood detector where it detects the mood of the listener via heart rate and thermometer, to play music that suited your mood.

Ironically, these wearable media are invented to solved those problems.

Conclusion:

Are we reversing the history of communication? Verbal communication and gesture recognition with technology is expanding. After all, they are our primitive ways of communicating.

Comments were:
- Include display methods.
- Add in how wearable media helps the disabled.
- Start the predictions earlier in the slides.
- Conclude with the topics relating to the subtopic at the first slide. Is it really necessary?
  Well it is, as I believe wearable media is just a transition to mainstream implant technology. It's an important part of technological evolution if I might add.